Columbus to Colonial Days

Pre- Colonial	1497	John Cabot reaches Nova Scotia and Newfoundland.
	1512-1521	Juan Ponce explores Florida.
	1513	Vasco de Balboa views the Pacific Ocean.
	1517	Protestant Reformation begins in Germany.
	1519	Ferdinand Magellan embarks on round-the-world voyage.
		Cortes begins conquest of Aztec empire.
	1524	Giovanni da Verrazano explores the Atlantic coast of North America.
	1527	Church of England breaks from Roman Catholic church.
	1534-1542	Jacques Cartier explores eastern Canada for France.
	1539-1543	de Soto explores the southeastern United States.
	1558	Elizabeth I becomes queen of England.
	1565	St. Augustine founded by Spanish.
	1565-1580s	English attempt to subdue Ireland.
	1577	Francis Drake circumnavigates the globe.
	1578	Humphrey Gilbert establishes an English colony in Newfoundland.
	1584-1587	Roanoke colony explored and founded.
	1588	English defeat the Spanish Armada.
	1598	New Mexico colony founded.
	1603	James I becomes king of England.
1600s	1607	English found colonies at Jamestown and Sagadahoc.
	1608	Samuel de Champlain founds Quebec.
	1609	Henry Hudson explores the Hudson River for the Dutch Republic.
1610s	1614	New Netherland colony founded.
	1619	Large exports of tobacco from Virginia begin.
		Virginia's first elected assembly meets.
		First Africans arrive in Virginia.
1620s	1620	Mayflower Compact signed; Plymouth Plantation founded.
	1622-1625	English defeat Indian uprising in Virginia.
	1624	James I revokes Virginia Company's charter. (Virginia becomes a royal colony).
	1625	Charles I becomes king of England.
	1627	English establish Barbados.
1630s	1630	John Winthrop, "A Model of Christian Charity".
		Massachusetts Bay colony founded.
	1630-1660	The great English migration to North America.
	1633	First English settlements in Connecticut.
	1634	Cecilius Calvert (Lord Baltimore) founds proprietary colony of Maryland.
	1635	Roger Williams banished from Massachusetts Bay;founds Providence, Rhode Island.
	1636	Harvard College established.
	1637	Anne Hutchinson tried by Massachusetts Bay colony and banished to Rhode Island.
		Pequot War.
	1638	New Sweden established on Delaware River.
	1639	Fundamental Orders of Connecticut.
1640s	1640s	Large-scale slave-labor system takes hold in the West Indies.
	1642	English Civil War begins.
	1643	New Haven colony founded.
	1644	Williams obtains permission to establish a legal government in Rhode Island.
	1644-1646	Second Powhatan War in Virginia.
	1649	Lord Baltimore drafts Maryland's Act for Religious Toleration.
		King Charles I beheaded.
1650s	1651-1733	Parliament creates the navigation system to regulate British imperial commerce.
	1653	First Indian reservation established in Virginia.
	1655	New Netherland annexes New Sweden.
1660s	1660	Charles II becomes king of England in the Stuart restoration.
	1661	Barbados government creates first comprehensive slave code.
	1662	Half-Way Covenant drafted.
	1663	Carolina founded as English colony.
		New France made a royal colony.
	1664	English conquer the Dutch colony of New Netherland, which becomes New York.
		New Jersey established.
1670s	1670	Virginia defines slavery as a lifelong, inheritable racial status.
		Settlement of southern Carolina begins.
	1672	Louis Jolliet and Jacques Marquette explore the Mississippi River.
	1675-1676	King Philip's War in New England.
	1676	Bacon's Rebellion in Virginia.
		Quakers organize the colony of West Jersey.
1680s	1680-1700	Pueblo revolt in New Mexico.
	1681	William Penn founds the colony of Pennsylvania.
	1682	Quakers organize the colony of East Jersey.
		The Sieur de La Salle claims the Mississippi basin for France.
	1685	Duke of York becomes King James II of England.
	1686-1689	Dominion of New England.
	1688	Glorious Revolution in England; James II deposed.
	1689	William and Mary ascend to English throne.
		Protestant Association seizes power in Maryland.
		Leisler's Rebellion in New York.
	1689-1697	King William's War (in Europe, War of the League of Augsburg).
1690s	1690s	Collapse of the Royal African Company's monopoly on selling slaves to the English colonies; large shipments of Africans begin reaching the Chesapeake.
	1690	John Locke, "Essay Concerning Human Understanding".
	1691	Spain establishes province of Texas.
	1692-1693	Salem witchcraft trials.
	1698	French begin settlements near the mouth of the Mississippi River.
1700s	1701	Iroquois adopt neutrality policy toward European powers.
	1702-1713	Queen Anne's War (in Europe, War of the Spanish Succession).
1710s	1711-1713	Tuscarora War in Carolina.
	1715	Creek Indians adopt neutrality policy toward European powers.
	1715-1716	Yamasee War in Carolina.
	1718	New Orleans founded.
1730s	1729-1730	French war on Natchez Indians in Louisiana.
	1732	Georgia colony chartered.
		Benjamin Franklin begins publishing "Poor Richard's Almanack".
	1733	Molasses Act.
	1739	Great Awakening begins.
		Stono Rebellion in South Carolina.
	1739-1744	Anglo-Spanish War.
1740s	1743	Benjamin Franklin founds American Philosophical Society.
	1744-1748	King George's War (in Europe, the War of Austrian Succession, 1740-1748).
1750s	1754-1760	French and Indian War (in Europe, the Seven Years' War, 1756-1763).
1760s	1760	George III becomes king of Great Britain.
		Massachusetts controversy over writs of assistance.

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